Minestrone can be anything you want it to be. It's super flexible, adapting to what's in season. In the summer, your minestrone can be full of zucchini and fresh tomato and herbs, and in colder months minestrone can be a refuge from thick, pureed vegetable soups while still providing an outlet for the squash, potatoes and hearty greens of winter.
Minestrone can easily be made vegetarian or vegan. Many recipes call for pancetta or beef both, but a dab of extra oil and a bit of sundried tomato can fill in for the rich flavor and texture provided by the meat. If you don't use butter and don't sprinkle the top with parmesan, it's a vegan soup. If you leave out the pasta, it's gluten-free. Minestrone is what you need it to be.
The recipe below is an amalgam of all the recipes out there, skewed towards what was in my fridge on Sunday. Yes, this was superbowl minestrone. It's vegan, and while I threw some pasta into mine at the last minute, it's portioned to result in a rich soup with plenty of chunky vegetables and beans and no need for pasta. (Though, if you'd like to add pasta, just add more stock).